CPA Parliamentary Academy
65th Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?

About the Workshop

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?

Climate change is one of the major challenges of our time and jurisdictions across the Commonwealth, face major and specific challenges.  Recent findings from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) show that unless there are immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5C, or even 2C, will be impossible.  Parliaments and parliamentarians have a critical role to play and need to collaborate to build more effective and coordinated responses to their common concerns. Parliaments and parliamentarians can ensure that the provisions of the Paris Agreement are translated into national legislation and that adequate budget allocations are made to support the implementation of relevant laws and policies. Parliamentary oversight is also crucial in holding governments accountable for their actions in response to climate change challenges.

Participants learnt about recent developments in the international climate change regime and gained a better understanding of what is being done at the parliamentary level, to combat climate change. The workshop enabled parliamentarians to learn more about the important role of legislators in the domestic ratification process of the Paris Agreement, as well as approaches parliamentarians could consider in implementing climate change action. Concrete examples and good practices were also shared to illustrate relevant opportunities and challenges.

Panellists

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?
Claire Baker MSP, The Scottish Parliament (Chair)

Born and brought up in the ex-mining village of Kelty, Fife, Claire Baker was first elected to the Scottish Parliament representing the Mid-Scotland and Fife region in 2007. She is Scottish Labour spokesperson for Drugs Policy, having previous held shadow cabinet posts in Justice; Culture and External Affairs; and Environment and Rural Affairs.

Claire is Convener of the Scottish Parliament’s Economy and Fair Work Committee and a Member of the Scottish Parliamentary Corporate Body. Before being elected, Claire worked in the voluntary sector and trade union movement. A graduate of Edinburgh and Glasgow Universities, she is a published author on the American poet Sylvia Plath.

Hon. Chandrasiri Bandara Ratnayake MP, Parliament of Sri Lanka

Political Career

Member of Parliament in 1994; Central Committee Member of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party and was subsequently made Deputy Chairman of the Sri Lanka Freedom Party; Nuwara Eliya Development Committee Chairman for 15 years; Walapane Divisional Development Chairman; Chairperson of Nuwara Eliya Cricket Association.

Committees

Committee on Parliamentary Business

Sectoral Oversight Committee on Youth, Sports, Arts and Heritage (Eighth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)
Liaison Committee (Eighth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Select Committee of Parliament to study and report to Parliament its recommendations to ensure Communal and Religious Harmony in Sri Lanka (Eighth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Ministerial Consultative Committee on Power, Energy and Business Development (Eighth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Ministerial Consultative Committee on Wildlife & Forest Conservation (Ninth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Ministerial Consultative Committee on Public Security (Ninth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Ministerial Consultative Committee on Public Security (Ninth Parliament of the D.S.R. of Sri Lanka)

Senator Hon. Carolyn Trench-Sandiford, President of the Senate, National Assembly of Belize

Carolyn Trench-Sandiford is a leading advocate, in media, conferences and forums, for healthy and reformed governance and planning frameworks that are designed to reduce gender and spatial inequities, to eliminate economic and social disparity, and to improve the quality of lives of vulnerable populations and marginalized communities.

In her work, she champions the Sustainable Development Goals, and partners with public and private sector and civil society organizations, academia and community groups to deliver on SDG11-safe, inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable communities. Professionally, Ms. Trench-Sandiford is eminently qualified in the fields of Planning and Planning and Environmental Law.

Carolyn is the President of the Belize Association of Planners and the Caribbean Planners Association, and is a Vice-President of the Commonwealth Association of Planners. She is also a member of Caribbean 2030 Leaders Network, a regional think and do tank, with a mandate to improving the Caribbean’s socio-political and economic trajectory, and has served as a member of the Physical and Environmental Planning Sub-Sector Committee of the Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency and of the Advisory Committees of the Caribbean Network for Urban Land Management and the Urban Planning Programme of the University of Technology. She is also recognized as a UN Global Evaluation Expert.

Hon. Viam Pillay MP, Parliament of Fiji

 

Born on 22nd January, 1971 Hon. Viam Pillay MP is the Assistant Minister for Agriculture, Waterways & Environment.

He has been a Member of the Fijian Parliament since October 2014 and the Honourable Member is
the Chairperson of the Standing Committee on Social Affairs which mandated by the Fijian Parliament to look into matters related to health, education, social services, labor, culture and media. In 2020, he was elected as the Pacific Regional Champion of the Commonwealth Parliamentarians with Disabilities (CPwD).

His passion for public service and vision for a Better Fiji are shaped by his experiences and influences. He is driven by the desire to have a positive influence within the community and Fiji as a whole.

Propelled by hope and hard work, Hon. Viam Pillay focused his role within his community on building teams and plan to create growth that works for the farmers and villages, and the fair economic opportunity for everyone; on respect for and promotion of freedom and diversity; and on a more democratic government that represents all of Fiji.

Hon Pillay is married with three children. He reside in the Western side of Viti Levu in Fiji.

Vanessa Corkal, Senior Policy Advisor, International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD)

 

Vanessa Corkal is Senior Policy Advisor, Canada Energy Transitions at the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD). Based in Ottawa, her work focuses on energy and climate change mitigation ambition, with particular focus on Canadian federal policy related to oil and gas pathways, just transition, and fossil fuel subsidies and public finance. Vanessa is interested in capacity building for government and civil society partners to develop and implement effective and equitable solutions to the climate crisis. Prior to joining IISD, Vanessa conducted research at the Prairie Climate Centre (University of Winnipeg) and worked for the federal First Nation Adapt funding program. She holds a Master of Climate Change from the University of Waterloo. In addition to her climate change work, Vanessa has nearly a decade of documentary film, journalism and non-profit experience.

Workshop Resources

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?

Workshop Summary

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?

This session explored the climate emergency and whether and how Parliaments are holding governments to account in combatting climate change.

Participants heard that the goal to limit temperature rise to 1.5C is only just possible if we make immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

Some of the issues that were discussed were the failure of most governments to meet their own climate change targets, the lack of short-term goals, and the problems with being constrained by the election cycle. In the current cost of living crisis, governments have been tempted to scale back climate promises and to lower fuel taxes. Some jurisdictions say that oil and gas revenues are being used to lift people out of poverty, however the environment is suffering.

Small, especially island, nations who contribute very little to the world’s carbon emissions are at the highest risk of climate disasters. They struggle to know how to influence larger nations with high carbon emissions to curb their continued usage of fossil fuels. Within nations, it has been recognised that disadvantaged groups such as women, children, indigenous peoples, LGBTQ+ people, and people living in poverty suffer the worst effects of climate change.

Some solutions that Parliamentarians can implement are climate change education for all Members, non-partisan working groups, and collaboration with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in educating the public on climate change. Parliamentarians can ask questions in Question Periods; propose legislation to limit climate change which will, at the least, foster debate; act as scrutineers to make sure that climate change policies are being implemented by governments; and influence budgetary decisions on climate change adaptation and mitigation as opposed to fossil fuel subsidisation.

One example of a forward-looking policy is the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015. Every piece of policy considered by the Welsh Parliament has to be viewed through this prism, which includes environmental issues.

Workshop Recommendation

CPC Workshop H: The Climate Emergency: Are Parliaments Holding Governments to Account?

As part of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Conference outcomes, each workshop put forward a recommendation. The following recommendation was agreed:

“Parliaments have a responsibility to ensure that national climate laws and policies are robust, ambitious and in line with international commitments such as the Paris Agreement. Parliamentarians should, therefore, be bold in holding governments to account when progress is slow or lacking.”